ÕæÕý°ÑÕâЩ˼ÏëÔËÓÃÆðÀ´·¢»Ó×÷ÓõÄÊÇÍþÁ®.±ËµÃ.ººÃܶû¶Ù(WilliamPeterHamilton)ÔÚ1922Äê³ö°æµÄ¡¶¹ÉƱÊг¡ÇçÓê±í¡·Ò»ÊéÖУ¬ººÃܶû¶Ùµì¶¨Á˱»¹ã·ºÊ¹ÓÃÒ²±»¹ã·ºÀÄÓõĵÀÊÏÀíÂ۵Ļù´¡¡£
²»ÐÒµÄÊÇ£¬Ðí¶à·ôdzµÄÊг¡Ñо¿ÕßûÓÐÀí½âÕâÕÅ“ÇçÓê±í”µÄÇ°Ìá¼ÙÉè¡£ËûÃǽö½öץסÁËÍùÕâÒ»ÀíÂÛµÄÈô¸ÉÖ¦½Ú²¢½«ÊÓÆäΪͨÏòÈÙÒ«ºÍ²Æ¸»µÄ̽·ʯ¡£
ÁíһЩÈË·¢ÏÖÕâÕÅ“ÇçÓê±í”²¢²»ÍêÃÀ£¬¿ªÊ¼×ÅÊÖ¶ÔÆäÐÞÖ¤¡£Ëû¶Ô¶Ô´«Í³µÄµÀÊÏÀíÂÛÇÃÇò¹²¹£¬ÊÔͼ·¢ÏÖÆæÃîµÄ¹«Ê½£¬´Ó¶ø±ÜÃâµÀÊÏÀíÂÛʱ²»Ê±µÄʧÁéºÍÈËÃǶÔËüµÄʧÍû¡£
ºÜÃ÷ÏÔ£¬ËûÃÇÍü¼ÇÁ˹ɼÛƽ¾ùÖ¸Êý³äÆäÁ¿Ö»ÊÇÒ»¸öƽ¾ùÊý¶øÒÑ¡£µÀÊÏÀíÂÛ±¾Éí²¢Ã»Óжà´óµÄ´íÎ󣬴íÎóµÄ¸ùÔ´ÔÚÓÚÄÇ·NÏëÒª·¢ÏÖÒ»¸ö¼òµ¥µÄ¡¢ÆÕ±éÓÐЧµÄ¹«Ê½—— Ò»Ìײ»¹Ü¸ß¡¢°«¡¢ÅÖ¡¢ÊÝ£¬¶øÊʺÏÿ¸öÈ˵IJâ¶È±ê×¼µÄÆóͼ¡£
20ÊÀ¼Í20Äê´ú¼°30Äê´ú£¬Àí²éµÂ.W.ÏÄ°Í¿Ë£¨RichardW.Schabacker£©ÑØÒ»¸ö¶àÉÙÓеãÐÂÓ±µÄ·½ÏòÖØпªÊ¼¼¼Êõ·ÖÎöµÄÑо¿¡£×÷Ϊ¡¶¸£²¼Ë¹¡·ÔÓÖ¾½ðÈÚ°æÃæµÄ±à¼£¬ÏÄ°Í¿Ë·¢ÏÖÁËһЩеĴ𰸡£ËûÒâʶµ½ÄÇЩÔÚƽ¾ùÖ¸ÊýÉϵijöÏ·NØ´óÐÐΪ±ØÈ»À´Ô´ÓÚÕâÒ»Ö¸ÊýµÄ³É·Ö¹ÉµÄÀàËÆÐÐΪ¡£
ÔÚËûËùÖøµÄ¡¶¹ÉƱÊг¡ÀíÂÛ¼°Êµ¼ù¡·¡¢¡¶Êг¡¼¼Êõ·ÖÎö¡·¼°¡¶¹ÉƱÊг¡Ó¯Àû¡·¼¸±¾Öø×÷ÖУ¬ÏÄ°Í¿ËչʾÁËÄÇЩ³öÏÖÔÚƽ¾ùÖ¸ÊýÖб»µÀÊÏÀíÂÛ¼ÒÈÏΪÖØÒªµÄÐźųöÏÖÔÚµ¥¸ö¹ÉƱµÄͼ±íÉÏʱʱÈçºÎ¾ßÓÐͬÑùµÄÒâÒå¡£
Ðí¶àÈËÒ²×¢Òâµ½ÁËÕâЩ¼¼ÊõÐÎ̬£¬µ«ÊÇ£¬Ö»ÓÐÏÄ°Í¿ËÕûÀí¡¢×éÖ¯²¢½«¼¼Êõ·½·¨ÏµÍ³»¯ÁË¡£²»½öÈç´Ë£¬Ëû»¹ÔÚ¹ÉƱͼ±íÉÏ·¢ÏÖÁËһЩеļ¼ÊõÖ¸±ê£»ÕâЩָ±êÔÚƽ¾ùÖ¸ÊýÖб»ÑÍû»òÕßÎüÊÕÁË£¬Òò¶øµÀÊÏÀíÂÛ¼ÒÄÑÒÔ¿´µ½Ò²ÎÞ·¨¼ÓÒÔÀûÓá£
¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«
Æäʵµ¥Æ¾Õâ¶Î»°£¬ÒѾÉî¿ÌµÄ½ÒʾÁËÊг¡µÄß\ÐеıØÈ»ÒòËØ¡£´óÖÂ˳ÐòΪ£º
ÕâÊǶÔÊг¡ÕùÂÛ¼¼Êõ·ÖÎöºÍʲôÆäËü·ÖÎöµÄ×îºÃ½âÊÍ¡£¼ÄÍÐÓÚÈκεēÍâÔÚÒÀ¿¿”¡£±ØÈ»»áÈÃ×ÔÎÒÃÔÁµÓë¸ÃÊÂÎÈç¼¼Êõ·ÖÎö£¬¶øÍü¼ÇÉÏÊö¶ÔÊг¡±¾ÖʽṹµÄºöÂÔ¡£
Ö¸ÊýÊÇʲô£¿Õâ¾ÍÊÇÖ¸Êý¡£Êг¡ÊÇʲô£¿Êг¡°üÀ¨ÁËÖ¸ÊýÐÐΪ£¬»¹ÓÐÆäËü¡£Ã÷°×ÁËÕâ¸ö£¬¾ÍÓ¦¸Ãѧ»áÆÀ¹À´óÅÌÁË¡£
µÚÆß°æÇ°ÑÔ £¨¶þ£©
ժ¼£º
ÔÀ´µÄ·¢ÏÖÒÀÈ»ÊÇÓÐЧµÄ¡£µ«ÓÉÓÚÓÐÁ˸ü¶àµÄÀúÊ·Êý¾Ý¼°¾Ñ飬´Ó¶øÄܹ»¶ÔÔçÆÚÑо¿µÄһЩϸ½Ú½øÐÐÐÞÖ¤¡£Í¬Ê±£¬Ò»Ð©ÐµÄÓ¦Óúͷ½·¨±»²ûÊö¡£¼¼Êõ·ÖÎö±äµÃ¸ü¼Ó¿Æѧ¡£
ÕâÑùÒ»À´£¬¼¼Êõ·ÖÎöµÄÇ°Ìá¼ÙÉèÄܹ»µÃµ½¸üΪ¾«È·µÄ±íÊö£ºÊг¡´ú±í×ÅÒ»·N×îÃñÖ÷µÄºÍ×î¾ß´ú±íÐԵĹÉƱ¼ÛÖµ¾ö¶¨×¼Ôò£»ÔÚ×ÔÓɾºÕùµÄÊг¡Öн»Ò׵ĹÉƱ£¬Æä¼Û¸ñÐÐΪ·´Ó³Á˸ùÉƱÏà¹ØµÄËùÓÐÐÅÏ¢——ÒÑÖªµÄ¡¢ÏàÐŵġ¢ÒܲâµÄ¡¢Ï£ÍûµÄ»òÊǵ£Ðĵģ»½ø¶ø£¬Ëü×ÛºÏÁËËùÓÐÈ˵Ä̬¶ÈºÍÒâ¼û¡£Ò»Ö»¹ÉƱµÄ¼Û¸ñÊÇÂòÂôË«·½Á¦Á¿½ÏÁ¿µÄ½á¹û£¬´Ó¶ø´ú±íÁËÆäËüÔÚÈκθø¶¨Ê±¿ÌµÄ“ÕæÕý¼ÛÖµ”¡£Ò»Â·N÷ÒªÇ÷ÊÆÒ»µ©ÐγÉÒÔºó£¬Ö±µ½ÓÐÃ÷ÏÔµÄÖ¤¾Ý±íÃ÷ËüÒѾ·´×ªÒÔÇ°£¬Ó¦¸ÃÈÏΪÕâ·NÇ÷ÊÆÈÔ½«³ÖÐø¡£×îºó£¬»ùÓÚ¹ÉƱÔÚÆäÈÕÏß¡¢ÖÜÏß»òÔÂÏßͼÉÏÏÔʾ³öÀ´µÄÊг¡ÐÐΪ£¬»òÕß»ùÓÚ¸Ã֤ȯÊг¡ÐÐΪµÄÆäËü¼¼ÊõÑо¿³É¹û¿ÉÒÔÐγɾßÓи߶ȺÏÀíÐÔµÄÒâ¼ûºÍ¼û½â¡£
ÓбØÒªÖ¸³ö£¬¶ÔÓÚͶ×ÊÕߺͽ»Ò×ÕßÀ´Ëµ£¬Ä³Ò»Ö¤È¯µÄ×îÖÕ¼ÛÖµÊÇËû/Ëý×îÖÕ´Ó¸Ã֤ȯÉÏËùµÃµ½µÄ¼Û¸ñ£¬¼´Í¶×ÊÕßÂô³ö֤ȯµÄ¼Û¸ñ£¬»òÔÚÈκÎÌض¨Ê±¼äµÄÊг¡ÉÏ»ñµÃµÄ£¨¶ÔºìÀû»ò×ʱ¾ÅÉ·¢½øÐе÷ÕûºóµÄ£©¼Û¸ñ¡£
Àí²éµÂ.Âõ¿ËµÂĪÌØ
µÚÆß°æ±à¼ºÍÐÞ¶©Õß
1997 Äê1 ÔÂ
¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«¡«
˵µÄ¶¼ºÜÇå³þÁË¡£
¹²12Ò³: ÉÏÒ»Ò³ [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] 10 [11] [12] ÏÂÒ»Ò³